diff --git a/changelog.d/cache-eviction-size-limit.md b/changelog.d/cache-eviction-size-limit.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a174f6c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/cache-eviction-size-limit.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Fix compilation cache eviction leaving the cache above `CUDA_TILE_CACHE_SIZE`
+  when entry sizes differ: the oldest entries are now evicted until the
+  remaining size is within the limit.
diff --git a/src/cutile_cache/_cache.py b/src/cutile_cache/_cache.py
index 59ba547a..7ce30016 100644
--- a/src/cutile_cache/_cache.py
+++ b/src/cutile_cache/_cache.py
@@ -268,11 +268,14 @@ def evict_lru(cache_dir: str, size_limit: int) -> None:
         conn = _connect(cache_dir)
         row_limit = 100
         while True:
+            # Evict the oldest entries until the remaining size is within the limit.
+            # An entry is evicted if the entries older than it do not free enough space.
             res = conn.execute("""
             DELETE FROM cache WHERE key IN (SELECT key FROM
-                (SELECT key, SUM(blob_size) OVER (ORDER BY atime, key) as cumul_size
+                (SELECT key, blob_size,
+                        SUM(blob_size) OVER (ORDER BY atime, key) as cumul_size
                     FROM cache ORDER BY atime, key limit ?)
-                WHERE cumul_size <= (SELECT SUM(blob_size) - ? FROM cache)
+                WHERE cumul_size - blob_size < (SELECT SUM(blob_size) - ? FROM cache)
             )
             """, (row_limit, size_limit))
             if res.rowcount < row_limit:
diff --git a/test/test_cache.py b/test/test_cache.py
index 31bcc86f..71e203b7 100644
--- a/test/test_cache.py
+++ b/test/test_cache.py
@@ -198,3 +198,41 @@ def test_evict_lru(cache_env):
     remaining = [k for k in keys
                  if cache_lookup(cache_dir, k) is not None]
     assert remaining == keys[2:]
+
+
+def _populate_with_sizes(cache_dir, sizes):
+    import os
+    keys = []
+    for i, size in enumerate(sizes):
+        key = cache_key(str(i), "sm_90", 3, b"data")
+        keys.append(key)
+        cache_store(cache_dir, key, b"x" * size)
+    conn = sqlite3.connect(os.path.join(cache_dir, "cache.db"))
+    for i, key in enumerate(keys):
+        conn.execute("UPDATE cache SET atime = ? WHERE key = ?", (float(i), key))
+    conn.commit()
+    conn.close()
+    return keys
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sizes, size_limit, expected_survivors", [
+    # Evicting only the oldest entry would leave 700 bytes > 600
+    ([300, 300, 400], 600, [2]),
+    # Neither entry fits together with the other
+    ([600, 600], 1000, [1]),
+    # Already within the limit: nothing is evicted
+    ([300, 300, 400], 1000, [0, 1, 2]),
+    # Exactly at the limit after evicting the oldest entry
+    ([300, 300, 400], 700, [1, 2]),
+    # A single entry larger than the limit cannot be kept, even if it is the newest
+    ([500, 2000], 1000, []),
+])
+def test_evict_lru_respects_size_limit(cache_env, sizes, size_limit, expected_survivors):
+    cache_dir, _ = cache_env
+    keys = _populate_with_sizes(cache_dir, sizes)
+
+    evict_lru(cache_dir, size_limit)
+
+    entries = list(cache_entries(cache_dir))
+    assert sum(e.size for e in entries) <= size_limit
+    assert sorted(e.key for e in entries) == sorted(keys[i] for i in expected_survivors)