diff --git a/crates/metabench/examples/basic.rs b/crates/metabench/examples/single_benchmark.rs
similarity index 81%
rename from crates/metabench/examples/basic.rs
rename to crates/metabench/examples/single_benchmark.rs
index f6d4b2750..062f4d65b 100644
--- a/crates/metabench/examples/basic.rs
+++ b/crates/metabench/examples/single_benchmark.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 // Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 //! One shared workload and input registered with Criterion and Gungraun.
+//!
+//! Named for the single benchmark it registers, to contrast with the
+//! `parameterized` example and to keep example target names unique across the
+//! workspace -- Cargo writes every example to one shared output directory.
 
 use criterion::Criterion;
 
diff --git a/crates/metabench/tests/spawned_benchmark.rs b/crates/metabench/tests/spawned_benchmark.rs
index 6eeae646a..c45222698 100644
--- a/crates/metabench/tests/spawned_benchmark.rs
+++ b/crates/metabench/tests/spawned_benchmark.rs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ fn run(arguments: &[&str]) -> Output {
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
         ])
         .args(arguments)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ exit "$status"
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
             "--perf",
             "--show-engine-output",
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ fn fake_vtune_directory() -> &'static Path {
 ///
 /// This guard only covers the vtune tests added alongside it; it is not a
 /// claim that the rest of this file (`run`/`run_target`'s unconditional
-/// `--example basic`/`--example parameterized` invocations) can run from a
+/// `--example single_benchmark`/`--example parameterized` invocations) can run from a
 /// published tarball. Those tests have depended on unpackaged examples since
 /// before this fixture existed, and fixing that pre-existing, file-wide gap
 /// is a separate concern from hardening the new vtune coverage this guard
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ fn vtune_measures_exact_workload_and_writes_metrics() {
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
             "--vtune",
             "--show-engine-output",
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ fn vtune_suppresses_report_output_without_show_engine_output() {
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
             "--vtune",
             "--no-baseline",
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ fn vtune_command_failure_surfaces_vtune_control_error() {
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
             "--vtune",
             "--show-engine-output",
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ fn vtune_pause_failure_surfaces_vtune_control_error() {
             "--profile",
             "bench",
             "--example",
-            "basic",
+            "single_benchmark",
             "--",
             "--vtune",
             "--show-engine-output",
diff --git a/scripts/tests/Pester/unit/workspace/ExampleTargetNames.Tests.ps1 b/scripts/tests/Pester/unit/workspace/ExampleTargetNames.Tests.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..11971f4c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/tests/Pester/unit/workspace/ExampleTargetNames.Tests.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+BeforeAll {
+    . (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '..\..\_common\TestHelpers.ps1')
+
+    $script:RepoRoot = Get-OxiRepoRoot
+}
+
+Describe 'Workspace example target names' {
+    # Cargo writes every example in the workspace into one shared
+    # target/<profile>/examples/ directory, so two packages declaring the same
+    # example name resolve to the same output file. Cargo only *warns* about
+    # the exact-duplicate case ("output filename collision ... this may become
+    # a hard error in the future", rust-lang/cargo#6313) and then builds both
+    # targets concurrently into that one path. On Windows the resulting
+    # link.exe race is fatal -- PR #676 renamed a duplicate `tower_service`
+    # example after it produced LNK1104 on an unrelated pull request. On Linux
+    # and macOS one binary silently overwrites the other, which is worse: the
+    # example that runs is not the one that was selected and nothing fails.
+    #
+    # This lives in the repository checks rather than in an Anvil recipe for
+    # two reasons. The Anvil recipes are generated (`DO NOT EDIT DIRECTLY`), so
+    # a check added there is reverted on the next regeneration; and the Anvil
+    # groups are impact-scoped, while a duplicate example name is a property of
+    # the whole workspace. A scoped check would pass on exactly the pull
+    # requests that did not touch either colliding crate.
+    It 'declares every example target name exactly once across the workspace' {
+        Push-Location $script:RepoRoot
+        try {
+            $metadataJson = & cargo metadata --no-deps --format-version 1
+            $LASTEXITCODE | Should -Be 0 -Because 'cargo metadata must succeed'
+        } finally {
+            Pop-Location
+        }
+
+        $metadata = $metadataJson | ConvertFrom-Json
+
+        $declarations = foreach ($package in $metadata.packages) {
+            foreach ($target in $package.targets) {
+                if ($target.kind -contains 'example') {
+                    [pscustomobject]@{
+                        Package = $package.name
+                        Example = $target.name
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        $declarations | Should -Not -BeNullOrEmpty -Because 'the workspace has example targets to check'
+
+        # Grouped case-insensitively on purpose. Windows and the default
+        # case-insensitive macOS volumes resolve `basic` and `Basic` to one
+        # path, but Cargo compares PathBufs -- which are case-sensitive in Rust
+        # -- so it does not even emit its usual warning for that variant. The
+        # case-only collision is therefore the more dangerous of the two:
+        # silent on both sides. Cargo target names are ASCII, so folding with
+        # ToLowerInvariant is exact here rather than an approximation.
+        $collisions = @(
+            $declarations |
+                Group-Object -Property { $_.Example.ToLowerInvariant() } |
+                Where-Object Count -GT 1
+        )
+
+        if ($collisions.Count -gt 0) {
+            $detail = foreach ($collision in $collisions) {
+                # Spell out each package's own casing only when the spellings
+                # actually differ, so the common exact-duplicate message stays
+                # terse and a case-only collision is not mistaken for a
+                # reporting bug.
+                $spellings = @($collision.Group.Example | Sort-Object -Unique)
+                $owners = if ($spellings.Count -eq 1) {
+                    (@($collision.Group.Package | Sort-Object) -join ', ')
+                } else {
+                    (@($collision.Group | Sort-Object Package | ForEach-Object { "$($_.Package) ('$($_.Example)')" }) -join ', ')
+                }
+                "  - '$($collision.Name)' is declared by: $owners"
+            }
+
+            $message = @(
+                "Example target names must be unique across the workspace, but $($collisions.Count) name(s) are used by more than one package:"
+                $detail
+                'All examples share one output directory, so these overwrite each other. Rename one side to a name that'
+                'says what distinguishes it, or give it an explicit `[[example]] name = ...` in its Cargo.toml.'
+            ) -join [Environment]::NewLine
+
+            throw $message
+        }
+    }
+}