diff --git a/mcp/resource.go b/mcp/resource.go
index 66c47f9c..aece8262 100644
--- a/mcp/resource.go
+++ b/mcp/resource.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/modelcontextprotocol/go-sdk/internal/mcpgodebug"
@@ -186,13 +187,28 @@ func fileRoot(root *Root) (_ string, err error) {
 		return "", errors.New("empty path")
 	}
 	// We don't want Localize here: we want an absolute path, which is not local.
-	fileRoot := filepath.Clean(filepath.FromSlash(rurl.Path))
+	fileRoot := filepath.Clean(filepath.FromSlash(fileURIPath(rurl.Path, runtime.GOOS)))
 	if !filepath.IsAbs(fileRoot) {
 		return "", errors.New("not an absolute path")
 	}
 	return fileRoot, nil
 }
 
+// fileURIPath returns the path of a file URI in the form used by goos.
+// On Windows, the path of a file URI for a drive letter path starts with a
+// slash, as in file:///C:/dir (RFC 8089, Appendix E.2), which is dropped so
+// that the result is the absolute path C:/dir.
+func fileURIPath(uriPath, goos string) string {
+	if goos == "windows" && len(uriPath) >= 3 && uriPath[0] == '/' && uriPath[2] == ':' && isASCIILetter(uriPath[1]) {
+		return uriPath[1:]
+	}
+	return uriPath
+}
+
+func isASCIILetter(c byte) bool {
+	return 'a' <= c && c <= 'z' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'Z'
+}
+
 // Matches reports whether the receiver's uri template matches the uri.
 func (sr *serverResourceTemplate) Matches(uri string) bool {
 	tmpl, err := uritemplate.New(sr.resourceTemplate.URITemplate)
diff --git a/mcp/resource_test.go b/mcp/resource_test.go
index 36ed3f1a..8ced53a5 100644
--- a/mcp/resource_test.go
+++ b/mcp/resource_test.go
@@ -12,23 +12,35 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestFileRoot(t *testing.T) {
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		t.Skip("TODO: fix for Windows")
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range []struct {
+	type test struct {
 		uri     string
 		want    string
 		wantErr string // error must contain this string
-	}{
-		{uri: "file:///foo", want: "/foo"},
-		{uri: "file:///foo/bar", want: "/foo/bar"},
-		{uri: "file:///foo/../bar", want: "/bar"},
-		{uri: "file:/foo", want: "/foo"},
+	}
+	tests := []test{
 		{uri: "http:///foo", wantErr: "not a file"},
 		{uri: "file://foo", wantErr: "empty path"},
 		{uri: ":", wantErr: "missing protocol scheme"},
-	} {
+	}
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		tests = append(tests,
+			test{uri: "file:///C:/foo", want: `C:\foo`},
+			test{uri: "file:///c:/foo/bar", want: `c:\foo\bar`},
+			test{uri: "file:///C:/foo/../bar", want: `C:\bar`},
+			test{uri: "file:/C:/foo", want: `C:\foo`},
+			// VS Code percent-encodes the colon after the drive letter.
+			test{uri: "file:///c%3A/foo", want: `c:\foo`},
+			test{uri: "file:///foo", wantErr: "not an absolute path"},
+		)
+	} else {
+		tests = append(tests,
+			test{uri: "file:///foo", want: "/foo"},
+			test{uri: "file:///foo/bar", want: "/foo/bar"},
+			test{uri: "file:///foo/../bar", want: "/bar"},
+			test{uri: "file:/foo", want: "/foo"},
+		)
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
 		got, err := fileRoot(&Root{URI: tt.uri})
 		if err != nil {
 			if tt.wantErr == "" {
@@ -47,6 +59,24 @@ func TestFileRoot(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestFileURIPath(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range []struct {
+		uriPath, goos, want string
+	}{
+		{"/C:/foo", "windows", "C:/foo"},
+		{"/c:/foo", "windows", "c:/foo"},
+		{"/C:", "windows", "C:"},
+		{"/foo", "windows", "/foo"},
+		{"/1:/foo", "windows", "/1:/foo"},
+		{"/C:/foo", "linux", "/C:/foo"},
+		{"/foo", "linux", "/foo"},
+	} {
+		if got := fileURIPath(tt.uriPath, tt.goos); got != tt.want {
+			t.Errorf("fileURIPath(%q, %q) = %q, want %q", tt.uriPath, tt.goos, got, tt.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestComputeURIFilepath(t *testing.T) {
 	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 		t.Skip("TODO: fix for Windows")