diff --git a/mcp/client.go b/mcp/client.go
index 3b24b2e9..0c37ff92 100644
--- a/mcp/client.go
+++ b/mcp/client.go
@@ -727,18 +727,23 @@ func (c *Client) shouldSendListChangedNotification(notification string) bool {
 		if caps == nil {
 			return true
 		}
-		// Check RootsV2 first (preferred), then fall back to Roots.
-		if caps.RootsV2 != nil {
-			return caps.RootsV2.ListChanged
-		}
-		return caps.Roots.ListChanged
+		// Capabilities.Roots is ignored (#607); only RootsV2 is advertised.
+		return caps.RootsV2 != nil && caps.RootsV2.ListChanged
 	default:
 		// Unknown notification, allow by default.
 		return true
 	}
 }
 
+// rootsEnabled reports whether the client advertises the roots capability.
+func (c *Client) rootsEnabled() bool {
+	return c.opts.Capabilities == nil || c.opts.Capabilities.RootsV2 != nil
+}
+
 func (c *Client) listRoots(_ context.Context, req *ListRootsRequest) (*ListRootsResult, error) {
+	if !c.rootsEnabled() {
+		return nil, &jsonrpc.Error{Code: codeUnsupportedMethod, Message: "client does not support roots"}
+	}
 	c.mu.Lock()
 	defer c.mu.Unlock()
 	roots := slices.Collect(c.roots.all())
diff --git a/mcp/client_test.go b/mcp/client_test.go
index 062cef79..bc6dc86e 100644
--- a/mcp/client_test.go
+++ b/mcp/client_test.go
@@ -1341,3 +1341,58 @@ func TestClientAllowMissingParamsCompat(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("handler called with nil params %d times, want 1", got.Load())
 	}
 }
+
+func TestListRootsCapabilityDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	roots := []*Root{{URI: "file:///secret", Name: "secret"}}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		caps    *ClientCapabilities
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{"default", nil, false},
+		{"RootsV2 set", &ClientCapabilities{RootsV2: &RootCapabilities{}}, false},
+		{"disabled", &ClientCapabilities{}, true},
+		{"only deprecated Roots set", &ClientCapabilities{Roots: struct {
+			ListChanged bool `json:"listChanged,omitempty"`
+		}{ListChanged: true}}, true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ct, st := NewInMemoryTransports()
+			s := NewServer(testImpl, nil)
+			ss, err := s.Connect(ctx, st, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			t.Cleanup(func() { _ = ss.Close() })
+
+			c := NewClient(testImpl, &ClientOptions{Capabilities: tc.caps})
+			c.AddRoots(roots...)
+			cs, err := c.Connect(ctx, ct, &ClientSessionOptions{ProtocolVersion: protocolVersion20251125})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			t.Cleanup(func() { _ = cs.Close() })
+
+			res, err := ss.ListRoots(ctx, nil)
+			if tc.wantErr {
+				var jerr *jsonrpc.Error
+				if !errors.As(err, &jerr) || jerr.Code != codeUnsupportedMethod {
+					t.Fatalf("ListRoots error = %v, want code %d", err, codeUnsupportedMethod)
+				}
+				if res != nil {
+					t.Errorf("ListRoots returned roots %v despite disabled capability", res.Roots)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if diff := cmp.Diff(roots, res.Roots); diff != "" {
+				t.Errorf("roots mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}