diff --git a/crates/pg2iceberg-iceberg/src/materialize.rs b/crates/pg2iceberg-iceberg/src/materialize.rs
index 76632cf..10b10ac 100644
--- a/crates/pg2iceberg-iceberg/src/materialize.rs
+++ b/crates/pg2iceberg-iceberg/src/materialize.rs
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ pub fn resolve_unchanged_cols(
     prior_rows_by_path: &BTreeMap<String, Vec<Row>>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     for r in rows {
-        if r.unchanged_cols.is_empty() {
+        // A delete writes only its key: nothing to resolve.
+        if r.unchanged_cols.is_empty() || r.op == Op::Delete {
             continue;
         }
         let key = r
diff --git a/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/materializer.rs b/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/materializer.rs
index e3e53d5..9a1fb1b 100644
--- a/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/materializer.rs
+++ b/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/materializer.rs
@@ -1951,7 +1951,9 @@ fn now_micros() -> i64 {
 /// Expand `Op::Truncate` events into per-PK `Op::Delete` events
 /// against the current FileIndex. Mirrors PG's TRUNCATE semantics:
 /// every row known to Iceberg right now is wiped, so the materializer
-/// emits an equality-delete for each.
+/// emits an equality-delete for each — and the events before it in this
+/// step, rows the FileIndex doesn't hold yet, are dropped. (Earlier
+/// steps of the unit are in the FileIndex already.)
 ///
 /// Subsequent post-truncate Insert/Update events for the same PK
 /// will overwrite the synthetic Delete during the fold (last-write-
@@ -1974,6 +1976,7 @@ fn expand_truncates(
             out.push(evt);
             continue;
         }
+        out.clear();
         // Decode each PK key back into a PK-only Row, over the PK
         // columns in the order every key was built from (`pk_cols`).
         // Keys that don't fit (shouldn't happen — FileIndex stores what
@@ -2019,7 +2022,7 @@ fn collect_toast_paths(
 ) -> BTreeSet<String> {
     let mut paths = BTreeSet::new();
     for r in rows {
-        if r.unchanged_cols.is_empty() {
+        if r.unchanged_cols.is_empty() || r.op == Op::Delete {
             continue;
         }
         let key = r
diff --git a/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/pipeline.rs b/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/pipeline.rs
index 6ae8d97..8ab4f67 100644
--- a/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/pipeline.rs
+++ b/crates/pg2iceberg-logical/src/pipeline.rs
@@ -356,6 +356,8 @@ impl<C: Coordinator + ?Sized> Pipeline<C> {
                             let mut del = evt.clone();
                             del.op = Op::Delete;
                             del.after = None;
+                            // A delete has no TOASTed values to resolve.
+                            del.unchanged_cols.clear();
                             self.sink.record_change(del)?;
 
                             let mut upd = evt;
diff --git a/crates/pg2iceberg-tests/tests/dst.rs b/crates/pg2iceberg-tests/tests/dst.rs
index 13763c4..7c8ed0d 100644
--- a/crates/pg2iceberg-tests/tests/dst.rs
+++ b/crates/pg2iceberg-tests/tests/dst.rs
@@ -2520,6 +2520,31 @@ fn truncate_removes_rows_not_yet_materialized() {
     check_invariants(&mut h).unwrap();
 }
 
+/// A key change with a TOASTed column unchanged, replayed after a crash
+/// between its claim and the slot ack: the replayed copy's delete of the
+/// old key comes after the first copy's moved the row. A delete has no
+/// TOASTed value to resolve, so it must not look for one.
+#[test]
+fn replayed_key_change_with_toast_deletes_without_resolving() {
+    let mut h = DstHarness::boot();
+    h.run_step(&Step::Insert { id: 1, qty: 0 });
+    h.run_step(&Step::DriveFlush);
+    h.run_step(&Step::MaterializerCycle);
+    h.run_step(&Step::ChangePk {
+        from: 1,
+        to: 5,
+        toast: true,
+    });
+    // Its Begin, change and Commit, claimed before any keepalive: the
+    // restart resends the transaction committing at the claimed LSN.
+    h.run_step(&Step::DrivePartial { n: 3 });
+    block_on(h.pipeline.flush()).unwrap();
+    h.run_step(&Step::CrashMidStream);
+    h.run_step(&Step::DriveFlush);
+    h.run_step(&Step::MaterializerCycle);
+    check_invariants(&mut h).unwrap();
+}
+
 /// A row updated twice in one batch with its TOASTed column unchanged
 /// both times keeps that column's value: the second update must not
 /// take the first one's unchanged placeholder for a value.