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Phase 6: S5 decision procedure and the ontological arguments - #8

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phase-6-modal
Oct 24, 2026
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Stacked on #7. Implements Phase 6 of ROADMAP.md.

  • S5 tableau (src/core/s5.cpp) decides unjustified propositional modal inferences. An invalid one is reported with a Kripke countermodel, e.g. counterexample with 2 worlds, in w0 (actual) A = false; in w1 A = true. It expands non-branching formulas first and stops after 200k steps, so hostile input can't hang it (tested on a pigeonhole instance).
  • Plantinga's modal ontological argument: checked by the tableau, with no hand proof needed.
  • Gödel's ontological argument (Scott's version): definitions of God-likeness, essence and necessary existence, plus axioms A1–A5. T1, the corollary ◇∃x G(x), T2 (G is an essence) and T3 □∃x G(x) are all fully proved in natural deduction and machine-checked, with objections on positivity and Sobel's modal collapse.

Evidence it isn't rubber-stamping: nine targeted mutations of the Gödel proof are each rejected at the right line. They include bringing a non-modalized formula into a box, a non-fresh name, a def step that drops a [], dia_e claiming necessity, and a premise that is no longer necessitated.

Modelling decisions, recorded in the roadmap's decision log:

  • Gödel's axioms are stated as necessary truths ([]...), as Gödel and Scott intend.
  • Quantified S5 uses constant domains and rigid names, so the Barcan formulas hold.

Generated by Claude Code

- S5 labelled tableau for propositional modal inferences: NNF, global
  necessities, one witness world per possibility, non-branching rules
  first, 200k-step budget; invalid inferences get a Kripke countermodel
  with duplicate worlds removed
- Plantinga's modal ontological argument, checked by the tableau
- Gödel's ontological argument (Scott's version) in higher-order S5:
  definitions of God-likeness, essence and necessary existence; T1, the
  corollary, T2 and T3 fully proved in natural deduction; objections on
  positivity and modal collapse
- Tests: K, T, 4, 5, B, the S5 collapse, invalid forms, countermodel shape,
  and the step budget on a pigeonhole instance

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_019WEmxyo9CRKSbjbEdCuJTG
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JFrusher marked this pull request as ready for review October 24, 2026 23:23
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JFrusher merged commit ab9b54c into phase-5-fol Oct 24, 2026
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