feat(policy)!: a regex costs a declaration, so the cheap path is the correct one

[wenzowski]

Closes CLOUD-885

The question this answers

"If you have access to regex you'll try to parse things that aren't regular with regex. What prevents you from barfing regex everywhere?"

The first answer on this branch was a denylist of subjects (NOT_REGULAR, one entry: input.call.command). It was wrong and is reverted. It covered one program, said nothing about the failure that actually recurs, and blessed everything it didn't name — the .shellcheckrc shape from mem:toolchain-and-hooks, where a suppression looked like evidence a file was being read.

The lever is cost, not prohibition. "Don't regex things that aren't regular" can't be a gate — that's a judgement, and rule 3 refuses one. Where a pattern lives is decidable.

The mechanism

A regex.* builtin may not reach a string literal. Expressions are [[pattern]] rows in the one committed authority, projected into the evaluator's data document, referenced by id:

regex.match(`CLOUD-[0-9]+`, w)                          # refused at load
regex.match(data.batten.patterns["tracker-key"], w)     # loads and decides

The gradient is the point:

to write	cost
ask an already-parsed document (doc.jobs)	field access, zero config edits
regex, first use	a [[pattern]] row + an id + a reference
regex, later uses	one reference
regex inline	refused, exit 1

Effort now orders the way correctness does, which is the only version that survives a translator that doesn't reason carefully — and 86 bash gates written in grep -E are queued to be translated.

Why this isn't friction bolted on

Config::verbs already carries the argument verbatim: "consumer-specific by nature, so it lives here and never in the crate (non-negotiable rule 1)". A tracker-key expression is a consumer identifier by exactly that test. Two more consequences fall out rather than being designed in: duplication becomes unwritable instead of detectable, and the pattern inventory becomes reviewable data (§11).

Measured, on the tree this engine gates

Comments stripped: 82 of 140 shell programs use grep -E/sed -E/awk/=~ over 338 sites. One concept — a tracker key — carries 19 distinct spellings across 17 programs. CLOUD-[0-9]+ alone sits at 15 sites in 9 of them, a CLOUD-* glob spelling sits beside the regexes, and graph-check holds two variants of its own pattern 52 lines apart (((is|is at :317, (is|is at :369).

Correct regexes over a regular thing, duplicated until they drifted. That is the disease; the reverted denylist addressed a different one.

Closed at both ends

Refusing the inline form alone leaves the identical hole one step later: data.batten.patterns["typo"] resolves to undefined, Rego reads undefined as "does not hold", so the module loads clean, evaluates clean and gates nothing. So a reference no row declares is refused too — the shape check_tree_paths_are_emittable already uses.

The same failure by deletion is WeakeningKind::PatternRemoved: a local override dropping a row silences every module referencing it, and one row can silence several at once because a declared pattern is shared by design.

Two bugs only running it could find

Both from an AST probe rather than a reading:

• a Rego backtick literal serialises as RawString, not String. Reading only String let every realistic inline pattern through — backticks are how a regex carrying backslashes is written.
• a reference contains a literal: data.batten.patterns["x"] is a RefBrack indexed by the string "x", so a naive sweep read the sanctioned form as the refused one and no module could load at all.

Consumer #1 proves it

policy/run-shape.rego's flag-cluster shape is declared in batten.toml and referenced by name. Its #MUTANT directive now corrupts the reference, so the mutation exercises the silent-disarm path directly: the allow cases go red when the id stops resolving.

What the gates caught

Six refusals, each a completeness check doing its job — and one found a defect this change would otherwise have shipped:

gate	what it refused
every_typed_config_table_has_a_validation_call_site	a new table with no validator wired
resolve provenance	a Resolved field with no source
every_config_field_carries_a_verdict	no trust verdict — where the silent-disarm consequence surfaced
every_kind_is_exercised_by_a_case_in_this_module	a WeakeningKind with no case
module-map-check	a module absent from mem:core
semver	an undeclared API break (three lint classes)

Also clippy::type_complexity on the four-argument fn pointer, extracted as RuleRunner.

Verification

gate	result
verify	fast-forward-green
test:cargo	2043/2043
perf-compare	every path within 1.30× of merge base

Both directions driven through batten hook over a throwaway fixture before landing — an inline pattern refused, an undeclared reference refused, the declared form loading and deciding (a module that only loaded would be the vacuous pass this exists to stop).

Still open

NOT_REGULAR's target isn't gone, it's repriced — this says nothing about a regex over a lines[] entry, which is raw text and structured. And run-shape.rego remains a hand-rolled shell parser carrying a documented false negative (sudo -u root git commit resolves to root) until a parse tree lands. That's the follow-up; the cost argument is already demonstrated in-tree, where privileged-lane.rego asks with doc.jobs what ci-local-parity asks with 35 regexes over the same YAML.

[linear-code]

CLOUD-885 `forbid` can match a shape and a policy module cannot: regorus is built without `regex`, so the surface the campaign migrates ONTO is weaker at matching than the one it retires

Why

CLOUD-283 landed a regex column on forbid — "the escape for a predicate that genuinely is a shape" (rules.rs:4391). A policy module cannot use one. Cargo.toml:225 pins:

regorus = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["ast", "std", "arc", "coverage"] }

Regorus's regex, semver, time and glob builtins are all behind features that pin excludes. So the retirement campaign's destination surface is strictly weaker at matching than the rule kind sitting beside it. That is backwards: CLOUD-843 migrates 85 gate-described bash programs onto Rego, and bash's whole matching vocabulary is grep -E / sed -E / awk.

The cost is already visible in the one migrated gate. policy/run-shape.rego's header states it outright — "this build of regorus carries no regex builtins, so both passes are core-builtin string work" — and pays for it with ~90 lines of hand-rolled heredoc scanning, two quote-scrub passes, list splitting and command-position resolution.

The pilot proves it is not one module's problem. mise-tasks/mise-pin-agreement — CLOUD-843's chosen first migration — selects its pins with test("^[a-z0-9]+:.+@.+$") and reads mise.toml with sed -n -E. Neither is expressible today.

Measured 2026-08-22, on main @ b4ea891

Method is 64df8cb's: add the features as a real dependency, run the gates, revert.

features added	macos-link-check	evaluator-closure-check
regex, semver, time	exit 1 — core-foundation-sys v0.8.7: links an Apple system framework	—
regex, semver	exit 0 — "nothing in the aarch64-apple-darwin graph needs a macOS SDK to link"	exit 0 — "none of the regorus closure's 46 packages is one of the nine"

Activated closure moves 41 → 46 packages. None of the nine IO-bearing crates the manifest pins out is among them.

glob is refused by construction, and that is the right answer

glob = ["dep:globset"], and globset is named in evaluator-closure-check:81's IO_CRATES. Nothing to decide: the gate that defends policy.rs's security claim already answers it. A module needing path matching uses the row's sources glob (CLOUD-850), resolved by the engine outside the module.

time is blocked upstream, not by our pin

time = ["dep:chrono", "dep:chrono-tz"], and regorus declares both with default-features = true — verified against the crates.io index for 0.10.0, 0.10.1 and 0.11.0, which is every published version carrying the feature. chrono's default clock reaches iana-time-zone, which on Apple targets reaches core-foundation-sys, which macos-link-check's FRAMEWORK_CRATES names.

Cargo feature unification is additive, so this is not fixable from our manifest. Adding a direct chrono = { default-features = false } does not subtract the defaults regorus requested. The options are an upstream change, a vendored patch, or accepting an Apple SDK — and the third reopens the decision macos-link-check exists to hold.

So time is deferred with a predicate, not attempted and abandoned.

What this unblocks, and what it does not

regex reaches the largest single class in the campaign: a bash gate whose predicate is grep -E/sed -E over text. semver reaches version-comparison gates. Neither is a new capability for Batten — forbid already has the first — it is the policy surface reaching parity with the rule surface it is supposed to be more expressive than.

It does not reach a syntax question. A regex over a command string still cannot tell a token in command position from one inside a comment or a string — that is .claude/rules/scanning.md row two, and CLOUD-310's measurement (the timeout gate: 40 literal findings, 13 after comment exclusion, 0 structural). Widening the builtins and adding a parse tree are different answers to different questions, and this row is only the first.

---

Refinement — Ready

Refinement gate: Definition of Ready & Done. This body carries only specializations.

• Source of truth (§1). Cargo.toml's regorus feature list, and the resolved graph the two gates walk. No second list — the manifest comment points at evaluator-closure-check for the nine names rather than restating them (rules-drift's lesson), and this row does not restate them either.
• Computable predicate (§2). mise run macos-link-check and mise run evaluator-closure-check, both exit 0 with the features on. Plus mise run perf-compare: regex compilation lands on the mediated path, and CLOUD-689's budget is per call. The re-measured closure count is reported in the manifest comment, never asserted — how many packages upstream resolves to is a property of the world (lock-complete's split).
• Effect (§3). read. No verb, no rule kind, no Authority change. The evaluator gains vocabulary; what it may reach is unchanged, which is exactly what evaluator-closure-check returning 0 states.
• Generated artifacts (§4). None — no row key changes, so schema/batten.schema.json is untouched. Cargo.lock moves; lock-complete owns that.
• Output & exit (§5). Unchanged.
• Commit / bump (§6). feat(policy) — below 0.1.0 release-plz bumps the patch on feat, and this does widen what a consumer-authored module can express.
• Test obligation (§7). The gates shown able to fail (CLOUD-418), and the failing direction is already measured rather than hypothesised: the time run above is macos-link-check refusing this exact change, so the gate is proven to discriminate on it. Plus a test_ rule in a policy module that uses regex.match and semver.compare, which fails to evaluate if the feature is dropped — the behavioural half, in the shape no_evaluator_feature_admits_io established for the opposite claim.
• Blockers (§8). None.

Acceptance

1. regex and semver are in the pinned feature list; macos-link-check, evaluator-closure-check and perf-compare are all green, and the re-measured closure count is recorded in the manifest comment.
2. glob's exclusion is stated in that comment as a consequence of IO_CRATES rather than a preference, so nobody re-litigates it.
3. time is deferred with the measurement above and a re-open predicate as a command and an exit code:

# exit 0 ⇒ re-open: regorus declares chrono without default features
curl -sf https://index.crates.io/re/go/regorus \
  | python3 -c "import json,sys; rows=[json.loads(l) for l in sys.stdin if l.strip()]; \
    d=[x for x in rows[-1]['deps'] if x['name']=='chrono'][0]; \
    sys.exit(0 if not d['default_features'] else 1)"

4. A policy module in the tree actually uses one of the two builtins, so the feature is load-bearing rather than declared — a feature nothing calls is the same shape as input.tree.tracked documented and never built (CLOUD-845).

---

Found while scoping CLOUD-843's wave 1: the chosen pilot's predicate turned out to be inexpressible on the surface it was chosen for.

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The PR adds named regex configuration with schema support, validation, evaluator data projection, resolved-state propagation, and weakening detection for removed patterns. Policy loading rejects undeclared pattern references and inline regex use outside test rules. Rule runners and policy APIs now receive pattern data. Module checks can skip AST validation on the hot path. Commit message-source detection uses an anchored short-option regex. Tests cover configuration, policy validation, API updates, pattern removal, and valid or invalid commit flags.

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to af36f

The change makes regex patterns declaration-backed and rejects undeclared or inline forms, but updates to existing pattern IDs may still be ignored and IDs containing dots may resolve incorrectly, potentially weakening or silently disabling policy checks. These bounded policy-integrity issues should be fixed or explicitly accepted before merge.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5

✅ Passed checks (5 passed)

Check name	Status	Explanation
Title check	✅ Passed	The title clearly identifies the policy change that requires regex declarations, although it uses a somewhat rhetorical phrasing.
Description check	✅ Passed	The description directly explains the regex declaration guard, implementation, tests, verification, and related configuration changes.
Docstring Coverage	✅ Passed	Docstring coverage is 91.49% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 94 functions across 19 files.
Linked Issues check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check	✅ Passed	Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🧹 Nitpick comments (1)

Cargo.toml (1)

260-266: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Remove the unused semver feature from regorus. No checked-in policy uses the semver builtin. The direct Rust semver dependency remains required by config and trust, so this change does not remove semver from Cargo.lock.

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In `@Cargo.toml` around lines 260 - 266, Remove the unused "semver" feature from
the regorus dependency declaration while preserving all other regorus features
and the direct semver dependency used by config and trust.

Source: MCP tools

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Inline comments:
In `@tests/run-shape.bats`:
- Around line 118-119: Update the git commit hook test around run and allowed in
tests/run-shape.bats to assert that $status equals 0 before checking the output,
ensuring the -vm invocation completed successfully.

---

Nitpick comments:
In `@Cargo.toml`:
- Around line 260-266: Remove the unused "semver" feature from the regorus
dependency declaration while preserving all other regorus features and the
direct semver dependency used by config and trust.

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[wenzowski]

Both findings were real. Fixed in 2a87e9a.

semver — removed. Verified: zero policy modules call it. This one is worth naming precisely, because it is this PR breaking its own rule. CLOUD-885's acceptance 4 says a feature must be load-bearing rather than declared, on the grounds that a feature nothing calls is input.tree.tracked documented and never built (CLOUD-845) — it reads as a capability, nothing checks it, and the first consumer is the one who discovers whether it works. regex earned its place by fixing a verdict in the same commit; semver was added beside it on the reasoning that version-comparison gates will want it. That is exactly the speculative shape the acceptance criterion exists to refuse, so it lands with its first consumer instead.

The measurement stays recorded on CLOUD-885 either way (semver is dep:semver alone and cleared both gates), so re-adding it later costs a line rather than a re-derivation.

One consequence worth flagging: removing it changed the number in the manifest comment. The activated regorus closure is 45 packages, not the 46 recorded before — re-measured, and corrected in the same commit. A stale constant in the comment that states the pin is precisely what rules-drift exists for.

The bats helpers — fixed suite-wide, details on the thread.

Gates re-run after both changes:

gate	result
evaluator-closure-check	exit 0 — 45 packages, none of the nine
macos-link-check	exit 0
perf-compare	exit 0 — every measured path within 1.30× of the merge base
test:bats	2661/2661 under the tightened helpers
mutant (run-shape)	5 declared mutations, every one caught

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Inline comments:
In `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs`:
- Around line 1549-1554: Extend collect_regex_subjects and its input-path
tracking to propagate prohibited input.call.command provenance through local
aliases and function arguments, so regex.match receives the correct
regex_subjects entry and load-time validation rejects the policy. Add the alias
fixture and loading-failure assertion in crates/batten/tests/policy_modules.rs
lines 333-370; update crates/batten/src/policy.rs lines 1549-1554 for the
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🧹 Nitpick comments (1)

crates/batten/src/pattern.rs (1)

95-119: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Add unit tests for validate.

This function is the sole load-time gate against a blank id, a duplicate id, and an uncompilable regex. No test module exists in this file to exercise these three branches directly.

Add a #[cfg(test)] module with cases for: a blank id, a duplicate id, and a malformed regex.

As per path instructions, crates/**/* is governed by rust.md covering "library/binary split, lints, test shape, layout".

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In `@crates/batten/src/pattern.rs` around lines 95 - 119, Add a #[cfg(test)]
module for validate with focused unit tests covering blank pattern IDs,
duplicate IDs, and malformed regular expressions; construct NamedPattern
fixtures using the existing types and assert each case returns an error, while
keeping the production validate logic unchanged.

Source: Path instructions

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Inline comments:
In `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs`:
- Around line 1582-1641: Update collect_inline_regex to resolve bare local Var
arguments of regex.* calls to their same-rule binding before collecting String
and RawString literals, so aliases such as p := "..." are refused; preserve the
sanctioned data.batten.patterns[...] reference behavior and allow unresolved
function parameters without local definitions.

In `@crates/batten/src/trust.rs`:
- Around line 1282-1288: The pattern change tracking around pattern_entries and
removed_entries currently ignores regex changes when an ID is unchanged. Track a
stable digest of each pattern expression alongside its ID, compare prior and
current configurations, and emit a weakening for same-ID expression changes
while keeping the raw regex out of Weakening; add coverage for a same-ID regex
change.

In `@crates/batten/tests/policy_modules.rs`:
- Around line 324-404: Update DECLARED_REGEX and its test to apply regex.match
to a decomposed command word rather than raw input.call.command, while
preserving the successful load-and-deny assertion. Add policy fixtures where
input.call.command flows through a local alias and a function argument into the
regex subject, and assert policy::load rejects both; propagate command
provenance through local bindings and function arguments in the relevant policy
validation logic.

Apply the same fix in `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs` around lines 1157 - 1246:
Covers the missing subject-provenance check and its alias/function-argument
propagation gap.

---

Nitpick comments:
In `@crates/batten/src/pattern.rs`:
- Around line 95-119: Add a #[cfg(test)] module for validate with focused unit
tests covering blank pattern IDs, duplicate IDs, and malformed regular
expressions; construct NamedPattern fixtures using the existing types and assert
each case returns an error, while keeping the production validate logic
unchanged.

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• crates/batten/src/lint.rs
• crates/batten/src/pattern.rs
• crates/batten/src/policy.rs
• crates/batten/src/resolve.rs
• crates/batten/src/rules.rs
• crates/batten/src/trust.rs
• crates/batten/tests/document_read_count.rs
• crates/batten/tests/identity_churn.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_engine_count.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_modules.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_presets.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_test_suite.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_tree.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_whole_set.rs
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🔒 Security & Privacy | 🟠 Major | 🏗️ Heavy lift

Track changes to existing pattern expressions.

pattern_entries returns only row.id. If the working configuration keeps the same ID but changes its regex, removed_entries reports no weakening. Policy modules consume that expression through data.batten.patterns["<id>"], so a non-matching or broader replacement can weaken an existing gate without a trust finding.

Add a pattern-expression change weakening, or reject such edits. Compare a digest of the expression and keep the raw regex out of Weakening. Add tests for a same-ID expression change.

Also applies to: 1102-1110, 803-806

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In `@crates/batten/src/trust.rs` around lines 1282 - 1288, The pattern change
tracking around pattern_entries and removed_entries currently ignores regex
changes when an ID is unchanged. Track a stable digest of each pattern
expression alongside its ID, compare prior and current configurations, and emit
a weakening for same-ID expression changes while keeping the raw regex out of
Weakening; add coverage for a same-ID regex change.

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⚠️ Outside diff range comments (2)

crates/batten/src/policy.rs (2)

1636-1657: 🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

Inspect only regex-pattern arguments.

For a non-test_ rule, regex.match(data.batten.patterns["commit"], "subject") is rejected because the collector scans both arguments. Collect literals only from each builtin’s pattern argument, while preserving recursive checks for composed patterns. Add a regression test for this declared-pattern case.

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In `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs` around lines 1636 - 1657, Restrict literal
collection in the builtin-argument scan to regex pattern arguments, so
regex.match only inspects its pattern operand and not the subject operand.
Preserve recursive validation for composed patterns and the existing exemption
for references under data.batten.patterns. Add a regression test covering a
non-test_ rule using a declared pattern with a non-matching subject.

---

1682-1703: 🗄️ Data Integrity & Integration | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

Preserve the complete pattern key and handle all index forms.

reference_path converts data.batten.patterns["foo.bar"] to a dotted path, then collect_pattern_refs records only foo. This rejects a declared foo.bar reference and accepts an undeclared foo.bar reference when foo exists. RawString indexes and dynamic indexes are also ignored. Preserve the exact literal index, and reject or explicitly handle dynamic indexes.

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In `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs` around lines 1682 - 1703, Update
collect_pattern_refs and its use of reference_path to preserve the complete
literal pattern key, including dots, instead of truncating at the first
separator; support RawString index forms consistently, and explicitly reject or
handle dynamic indexes so only declared pattern references are collected.

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Outside diff comments:
In `@crates/batten/src/policy.rs`:
- Around line 1636-1657: Restrict literal collection in the builtin-argument
scan to regex pattern arguments, so regex.match only inspects its pattern
operand and not the subject operand. Preserve recursive validation for composed
patterns and the existing exemption for references under data.batten.patterns.
Add a regression test covering a non-test_ rule using a declared pattern with a
non-matching subject.
- Around line 1682-1703: Update collect_pattern_refs and its use of
reference_path to preserve the complete literal pattern key, including dots,
instead of truncating at the first separator; support RawString index forms
consistently, and explicitly reject or handle dynamic indexes so only declared
pattern references are collected.

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 99becc7 and 221cb14.

⛔ Files ignored due to path filters (1)

• fuzz/Cargo.lock is excluded by !**/*.lock

📒 Files selected for processing (9)

• crates/batten/src/hook.rs
• crates/batten/src/lib.rs
• crates/batten/src/lint.rs
• crates/batten/src/policy.rs
• crates/batten/src/rules.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_modules.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_presets.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_test_suite.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_tree.rs

🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (8)

• crates/batten/tests/policy_test_suite.rs
• crates/batten/src/lib.rs
• crates/batten/src/hook.rs
• crates/batten/src/rules.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_presets.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_tree.rs
• crates/batten/tests/policy_modules.rs
• crates/batten/src/lint.rs

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Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

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[wenzowski]

/fast-forward