feat(core): type the remaining json-render catalog components' props

[dvcolomban]

Summary

Extends the co-located-Props typing pattern (introduced alongside Tabs in #492) to the rest of the base catalog: Badge, Button, CodeBlock, DataTable, Divider, Icon, KeyValueTable, Progress, Switch, Text, TextInput, Tree.

• Each component gets its own exported *Props interface, co-located in its own file, and switches from the untyped props: ['element', 'emit', ...] array form to registryProps<Type, Props>() — this also lets defineComponent's setup(ctx, ...) infer ctx correctly instead of leaving element.props an untyped Record<string, any>.
• All twelve *Props types are re-exported from the existing public webcomponents/index.ts barrel, alongside JsonRenderElement, so consumers can opt into JsonRenderElement<'DataTable', DataTableProps> without pulling in @vitejs/devtools-kit.
• No behavior changes — this only types props the components already read (deliberately skips inert declared-but-dead ones), and DataTableColumn/DataTableProps narrow a couple of previously-manual casts (e.g. DataTable's column mapping) into proper inference.
• Button keeps its runtime VARIANTS.has(variant) guard unchanged even though variant is now typed as BaseVariant — defensive check stays for specs authored without the types.

Screenshots

No visual/runtime change — this is types only. See pnpm run typecheck in the test plan below.

Test plan

• pnpm run lint
• pnpm run typecheck

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commit: 5ecb47e